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Delw y byd

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Preliminary notes
The text of Delw y byd (Book 1 (Space) of the Imago mundi by Honorius Augustodunensis) is structured according to the four elements: earth, water, air, and fire. The chapter divisions correspond to those in Natalia Petrovskaia’s edition of Delw y byd. The index below focusses on the following:
  • The Latin chapter title for each chapter. Note that the Welsh manuscripts do not contain these chapter titles: they only occur in the glosses of a number of the manuscripts with the Latin text (Imago mundi). They have been added below in order to help the user navigate between the Welsh and Latin text, and in order to give a brief overview of the content of the chapters.
  • In what medieval manuscripts a chapter can be found.
  • Where in which editions of Delw y byd a chapter is given.
  • Where in which articles a chapter is discussed.

Structure

Introductory letters

The Latin text of Imago mundi is preceded by two introductory letters. This is also the case in the A version of Delw y byd in the Red Book of Hergest. These two letters are represented as a dialogue between teacher and student.

Introductory letters

Items: 2

Section 1: Earth

Section 1 runs from chapters 1[1] – 37[37]. It discusses the structure and geography (according to the tripartite structure) of the world.

Chapters 1[1] – 7[7]: Structure of the World

Discusses the structure of the world in general. 

Note: the Welsh text omits chapter 4[4].

Items: 6

Chapters 8[8] – 20[21]: Asia

Discusses the different countries, provinces, cities, mountains and waters, animals, and peoples that can be found in the part of the world that is called Asia.

Items: 13

Chapters 21[22] – 29[31]: Europe

Discusses the different countries, provinces, cities, mountains, and waters that can be found in the part of the world that is called Europe.
Items: 9

Chapters 30[32] – 32[33]: Africa

Discusses the different countries, provinces, and towns, peoples, and mountains that can be found in the part of the world that is called Africa.
Items: 3

Chapters 33[34] – 35[36]: Islands

Discusses the various islands of the world. The focus is on the Mediterranean.
Items: 3

Chapters 36[37] – 37[37]: Hell

Discusses hell and its various names.
Items: 2

Section 2: Water

Chapters 38[38] – 57[52]. Discusses the oceans, seas, and other water phenomena of the world.

Chapters 38[38] – 41[41]: The ocean

Discusses the element of water and various features of the ocean.
Items: 4

Chapters 42[42] – 43[43]: Earthquakes

Discusses the cause and consequences of earthquakes.
Items: 2

Chapters 44[43] – 46[43]: Sicily

Discusses the island of Sicily and its volcanoes, Mount Etna, and Scylla.
Items: 3

Chapters 47[44] – 55[50]: Waters and seas

Discusses different types of waters (47[44]-49[45], 52[47]-54[49]) and different seas (50[46]-51[46], 55[50]).

Items: 9

Chapters 56[51] – 57[52]: Animals and signs

Discusses the creatures that live in the water and weather-phenomena.
Items: 2

Section 3: Air

Chapters 58[53] – 71[66]. Discusses the winds and aerial phenomena of the world.

Chapters 58[53] – 60[55]: Winds

Discusses the element of air, the winds, and the cardinal winds.
Items: 3

Chapters 61[56] – 69[64]: Weather types

Discusses various weather types and phenomena, such as rain, clouds,
Items: 9

Chapters 70[65] – 71[66]: Falling stars and the plague

Discusses falling stars and how a plague is begotten.
Items: 2

Section 4: Fire

Chapter 72[67] – 147[140]. Discusses the heavenly spheres, astronomy and zodiac signs.

Chapters 72[67] – 88[83]: Planets

Discusses the element of air and various planets with their characteristics celestial music, and man.
Note: the Welsh text omits chapter 78[73].

Items: 17

Chapters 89[84] – 94[88]: Heaven, firmament, and axis

Discusses heaven and its characteristics, the firmament, and the axis of the world.
Items: 6

Chapters 95[89] – 96[90]: Stars and constellations (general)

Discusses the stars and constellations in general.
Items: 2

Chapters 97[91] – 109[103]: Zodiac signs

Discuss the zodiac signs.
Items: 13

Chapters 110[104] – 140[134]: Constellations

Discusses the various constellations.
Note: the Welsh text omits chapters 120[114]-125[119], 132[126], and 138[132].
Items: 23

Chapters 141[135] – 144[137]: Stars, signs, comets

Discusses the star of Egypt, the hemisphere, the milky way, and comets.
Items: 4

Chapters 145[138] – 147[140]: The Three Heavens

Discusses the three heavens.
Items: 3

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Primary sources (Delw y byd)
[ed.] Petrovskaia, Natalia I., Delw y byd: a medieval Welsh encyclopedia, MHRA Library of Medieval Welsh Literature, London: Modern Humanities Research Association, 2020.  
abstract:

This edition presents extracts from the medieval Welsh encyclopedia Delw y Byd. A medieval Welsh translation of the first book of the Latin encyclopedia known as Imago Mundi, written by Honorius Augustodunensis in the first quarter of the twelfth century, this text is a fine example of the ties between the intellectual world of Europe and Wales in the late-twelfth/early-thirteenth centuries, when the text was translated, ties that brought across the scientific knowledge based on Roman and late antique sources. Structured according to the four elements: earth, water, air and fire, the text presents geographical, anthropological, and astronomical information, often with historical and mythological contexts. The present edition follows that organizational principle, providing a glimpse into the medieval understanding of the overarching structure of the universe.


The text is presented in its historical and literary context, with an updated account of its transmission. A commentary on the scientific context of the most interesting passages is provided, as well as a linguistic one. The edition also provides an overview of the variants by printing parallel texts based on all surviving medieval manuscript witnesses for a number of selected chapters. This includes sections of two previously unpublished medieval witnesses of the text. The accompanying glossary includes vocabulary from all extracts included in the edition.

This edition reproduces a selection of chapters (67 out of a total of 136) and two introductory letters. The chapters have been chosen based on structure, use, and representativeness. The edition is mostly based on version A. Variant chapters from version B are provided where the variation is of particular interest.

The introduction provides the following:

  • Background information on and the different versions of Imago mundi
  • Information on previous editions of Imago mundi and Delw y byd
  • A description of the content of the text
  • Information on the different manuscripts which contain Delw y byd and their manuscript contexts
  • Information on the different versions of Delw y byd
  • Information on the relationships between the Imago mundi and Delw y byd manuscripts
  • Notes on the editorial method and commentary.
[dipl. ed.] Thomas, Peter Wynn [ed.], D. Mark Smith, and Diana Luft [transcribers and encoders], Welsh prose (Rhyddiaith Gymraeg) 1300–1425, Online: Cardiff University, 2007–present. URL: <http://www.rhyddiaithganoloesol.caerdydd.ac.uk>.
Transcriptions of all the medieval manuscript witnesses of Delw y byd (here called "Delw'r Byd") can be found here, except for that of Aberystwyth, National Library of Wales, Peniarth 17. direct link
[ed.] Lewis, Henry, and Pol Diverres, Delw y byd: Imago mundi, Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1928.  
Latin text of the Imago mundi in parallel with versions of the Middle Welsh translation Delw y byd, principally from Peniarth MS 17, the Red Book of Hergest and the White Book of Rhydderch.
This edition is structured as follows:
  • Text A: provides the whole text from Peniarth 17 and uses the fuller copy in the Red Book of Hergest (cols. 977-994) to fill in the missing chapters. The Latin text is printed opposite to the Welsh text.
  • Text B: combines the White Book of Rhydderch and the shorter copy of the Red Book of Hergest (cols. 502-516).
  • Text C: provides the remainder of the fuller copy of the Red Book of Hergest (cols. 994-998) which was not used for text A.
  • Appendix: provides other minor pieces from the Red book of Hergest and Cardiff 6 (now known as Cardiff MS 2.83) manuscripts.

The introduction provides information on:

  • The content of Imago mundi
  • The different manuscripts which contain Delw y byd and their relation to one another and the Latin text
  • Editorial methods and the ordering of the different texts in the edition
  • The author of the Imago mundi, Honorius Augustodunensis
web page identifiers
Contributors
Darina Knoops, Dennis Groenewegen
Page created
February 2022, last updated: March 2022
Retrieved from ‘https://codecs.vanhamel.nl/index.php?title=Source:56494&oldid=257040’