Tionscadal na Nod

StartIntroduction/AboutGlossaryBibliographyFeedback

Alphabetic symbolsSuperscripts and subscriptsSuspension strokesDigraphs and ligaturesBaseline symbolsPunctuation, critical signs and numeralsGallery

1. Home
2. Tionscadal na Nod
3. Combinations
4. ar (q with stroke through descender)

ar (q with stroke through descender)

Image:

1.

2.

1.

Source: Dublin, Trinity College, MS 1339 (H 2. 18, 1339) = Book of Leinster [s. xii²], p. 113bFile:

2.

Source: Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS D ii 1 (1225) = Leabhar Uí Mhaine (The Book of Uí Maine) [1394], f. 112raFile:

Letters displayed:

<q>

Base form in image, without marks, as it may appear to the untrained eye.

Represents in Irish:

ar

In the scribe’s mind or in normalised spelling.

Represents in Latin:

quia / quam / quod / qu()

In the scribe’s mind or in normalised spelling.

Unicode code point:

U+A757

Appearance

Build type:

Combination

Notational device:

Baseline symbol

Components:

At the baseline:

Alphabetic letters:

q (regular)

Represents: cu, cú (Irish)q (Latin)

Symbols:

cross stroke (subscript)

Represents: □(), □()r, (miscellaneous) (Irish)

Has allographs:

ar (allograph open)

Represents: ar (Irish)quia, quam, qu() (Latin)

Notational device: Subscript symbol, Allograph Allograph of:  ar (q with stroke through descender)

Meaning

Represents:

In Irish: ar

In Latin: quia / quam / quod / qu()

Comments:

The q with a stroke crossing its tail was originally used for Latin quia (‘because, for’) and also for quam and quod (occasional meanings include que and quid). The abbreviation was adopted in Irish writing to represent ar ‘for, seeing as’ (the Irish equivalent of quia), hence it came to stand for ar in general, both as a full word (especially as a preposition or conjunction) and as part of a word.

Type of unit:

Part of a word

Lexical item

Lexical class:

preposition

Context

Notational system:

Tironian notes

Frequency:

very common

See also

Examples in context:

Examples in other contexts, if available

air (symbol ar with superscript i)

Represents:

air

Notational device: Superscript letter, Baseline symbol

Examples in context:

tairiuc

are (ligature of ar and e)

Represents: are (Irish)are, que(?) (Latin)

Notational device: Ligature

Examples in context:

uaire

arr (double stroke)

Represents: arr (Irish)

Notational device: Subscript symbol

arus (digraph)

Represents: arus (Irish)

Notational device: Digraph

Examples in context:

iaruslem, ierusalem

iarum (example)

Represents: iarum, íarum, íarom, íaram, iaramh (Irish)

tarb (ar)

Represents: tarb (Irish)

Entries related in meaning:

Possible equivalents matching one of the values in the transcription above, if available

ar (allograph open)

Represents: ar (Irish)quia, quam, qu() (Latin)

Notational device: Subscript symbol, Allograph Allograph of:  ar (q with stroke through descender)

quam (q with wavy cross stroke)

Represents: quam (Latin)

Notational device: Baseline symbol

quod (q with curved stroke)

Represents: ar (Irish)quod (Latin)

Notational device: Baseline symbol