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Hiberno-Latin literature and learning to c.1169

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verse

beg. Adelphus adelpha mater

A devotional hymn written in a learned kind of Latin, interspersed with Greek and Hebrew words. It consists of 22 rhyming triplets with lines of seven or eight syllables. The first letter of each triplet follows the order of the alphabet. It has been suggested that the poem was composed by an Irish cleric active in the 10th century.

Latin language

Altus Prosator

form undefined

Colum Cille

Colum Cille

(fl. 6th century)

founder and abbot of Iona, Kells (Cenandas) and Derry (Daire).

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Latin hymn

Hiberno-Latin

Apocrypha Priscillianistica

prose

Early medieval compilation of six homiletic pieces in Latin, including an early version of the so-called ‘Seven Heavens’ apocryphon. It is known for having Irish connections and may represent a Hiberno-Latin adaptation of material that goes back to Visigothic Spain.

Latin language

Archangelum mirum magnum

form undefined

beg. Archangelum mirum magnum

Máel Ruain

Máel Ruain

(d. 792)

Founding bishop-abbot of the monastery of Tallaght (Ir. Tamlacht, Co. Dublin) and a pioneer and leader of a kind of monastic reform that inspired the emergence of the Céli Dé.

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Latin hymn in praise of St Michael, attributed to Máel Rúain of Tallaght.

Latin languageMichael the archangel

Ars Ambianensis

prose

Anonymous grammatical treatise which shows affinities with other, Hiberno-Latin or insular grammars.

Latin language

Ars Ambrosiana

prose

Latin grammatical commentary of the seventh or eighth century, written in northern Italy (probably Bobbio), possibly but uncertainly by an Irish peregrinus. It is a commentary to Book 2 of the Ars maior of Donatus.

Latin language

Ars Asporii

prose

Asporius

Asporius

(fl. c.600?)

Asporius, known also as Asperius or Asper Minor (distinguishing him from Aemilius Asper), is the author to whom a grammar based on Donatus’ Ars minor is attributed. The possibility has been considered that he was an Irish or otherwise Insular grammarian and according to Vivien Law, he was probably active in Ireland or Burgundy.

Asporius

Asporius

(fl. c.600?)

Asporius, known also as Asperius or Asper Minor (distinguishing him from Aemilius Asper), is the author to whom a grammar based on Donatus’ Ars minor is attributed. The possibility has been considered that he was an Irish or otherwise Insular grammarian and according to Vivien Law, he was probably active in Ireland or Burgundy.

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A 6th-century or early 7th-century commentary on Donatus, Ars minor, ascribed to one Asperus/Asperius or Asporius, who may have been an Irishman. It represents a Christianised reworking of the material.

Latin language

Ars Bernensis

prose

Latin grammatical compilation thought to have been produced at an Irish or insular centre. It follows the model of Donatus' grammars and draws extensively on classical and Christian writings. No complete copy of the text survives. The extant sections are headed De partibus orationis, De nomine and De pronomine.

Latin language

Ars Brugensis

prose

Early medieval lemmatised commentary on books I and III of Donatus’ Ars maior. The work is similar to the Ars Laureshamensis and the grammatical treatises of Murethach and Sedulius Scottus.

Latin language

Ars grammatica (Donatus ortigraphus)

prose

Donatus ortigraphus

Donatus ortigraphus

(fl. c.815 and later)

Anonymous grammarian, probably of Irish origin, who worked on the continent and produced a grammatical treatise structured as a series of questions and answers, with ample citations from standard grammars such as Donatus and Priscian. The title Donatus ortigraphus is also applied as a shorthand for the work itself.

Latin treatise on grammar and written on the continent by an anonymous Irishman known in modern scholarship as Donatus ortigraphus (DO). The work is conceived as a dialogue between teacher and student, and the structure adopted for the treatment of its subjects is indebted to Donatus.

Latin language

Ars grammatica Pseudo-Clementis

prose

Clemens Scottus

Clemens Scottus

(fl.c. 814–826)

(Scottus/Scotus), Irish peregrinus, grammarian and teacher active at the court of Louis the Pious.

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Latin grammar (ars grammatica) once attributed to the Irish peregrinus and teacher Clemens Scottus but now regarded as an anonymous work.

Latin language

Ars Laureshamensis

prose

Anonymous commentary on Donatus, Ars maior, written at Lorsch, perhaps by an Irish or insular grammarian and based on a lost source of Irish origin. It covers all three parts (1, 3 and 2).

Latin language

Ars Malsachani

form undefined

Malsachanus

Malsachanus

(s. viii)

Hiberno-Latin grammarian

Latin grammatical treatise on the verb and the participle. In the Naples manuscript version of the text, there is also a section on nouns and pronoun but its relationship to the present text is unclear.

Latin language

Ars metrica (Cruindmáel)

prose

Cruindmáel [Cruindmelus]Cruindmáel ... Cruindmelus

Entry reserved for but not yet available from the subject index.

Cruindmáel [Cruindmelus]Cruindmáel ... Cruindmelus

Entry reserved for but not yet available from the subject index.

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Short Latin treatise on the grammar of metre, attributed to and presumably written by an Irish scholar named Cruindmelus, which likely represents the Irish name Cruindmáel. It has been dated to the first half of the 9th century.

Latin language

Aspice marmoreas superantes astra columnas

verse

beg. Aspice marmoreas superantes astra columnas

Latin language

Audite bonum exemplum

verse

24 st.

beg. Audite bonum exemplum

Metrical Latin hymn in honour of St Camelacus (Ir. Cáemlach?), a now obscure saint who is elsewhere described as having been a contemporary of St Patrick.

Latin languageCamulacus (Cáemlach?)

Baldo Dei famule

verse

beg. Baldo, Dei famule, clare magister

Dúngal of Saint-Denis and Pavia

Dúngal of Saint-Denis and Pavia

(d. after 827/828)

Irish scholar, teacher and poet known for his career on the continent, who was associated with Saint-Denis, Pavia and Bobbio.

Carolingian Latin poem written by Dungal (l. 3) and addressed to a certain Baldo magister.

Latin language

Bamberg cryptogram

prose

Suadbar [Irish scholar]Suadbar ... Irish scholar

Entry reserved for but not yet available from the subject index.

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Letter from Suadbar, one of four Irish scholars on the continent (the others being Caínchobrach, Fergus and Dominnach), to their teacher Colgu. It relates that when the group had been received at the court of Merfyn Frych (king of Gwynedd, r. 825-844), a cryptic message was left for them by an Irish scholar called Dubthach. To put the wisdom of the Irishmen to the test, it contained a cryptogram, the key to which involved substituting Greek numerals for Roman letters. Once deciphered, the message would read Mermin rex Conchn [sic] salutem (‘Merfyn the king greets Cyngen’, i.e. Cyngen ap Cadell, king of Powys). In a final note, an error in the form of Cyngen’s name (Conch(e)n, betraying Irish influence, for Concen) is pointed out.

Latin languageMerfyn FrychCyngen ap CadellFergus ... Irish scholar, fl. 9th centuryDominnach ... Irish scholarCaínchobrach ... Irish scholar, fl. 9th centuryDubthach ... cryptographer

Canon in Ebreica

prose

Exegetical text datable to the 8th century and thought to be of Hiberno-Latin provenance.

Latin language

Canones Adomnani

prose

Adomnán

Adomnán

(fl. c.628–704)

Adomnán mac Rónáin was abbot of Iona (r. 679–704) and author of the Latin Life of St Columba and an account of the holy places of the Near East (De locis sanctis). He is credited with the proclamation of the Lex innocentium or Cáin Adomnáin at the Synod of Birr.

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A collection of 20 canons concerning the regulation of food. It is attributed to Adomnán.

Latin language

Catechesis Celtica

prose

A collection of around 50 religious items in Latin, notably homilies, Sunday Gospel readings, exegetical tracts and commentaries. The text is attested in a single manuscript (Vatican, MS Vat. Reg. lat. 49) thought to have been produced in Brittany in the late 10th century.

Latin languageCollectanea

Collectanea (Tírechán)

prose

Tírechán

Tírechán

(c. 690)

Irish bishop and author of the Collectanea about St Patrick

A collection of hagiographical anecdotes written by Tírechán concerning St Patrick’s travels through the midlands and the northern half of Ireland as well as a southern leg to Cashel.

Hiberno-LatinLatin languageSaint PatrickDomnach Pátraic (Co. Meath)

Collectanea Pseudo-Bedae

prose

An early medieval Latin florilegium whose contents can be described as an eclectic mix of theological and exegetical matter and include many apocryphal items. Many of the sources have been identified as Anglo-Saxon, Irish or continental. No manuscripts are known to survive but Johann Herwagen included a version in his collected works of Bede (Basel, 1563).

Latin language

Collectaneum in apostolum (Sedulius Scottus)

prose

Sedulius Scottus

Sedulius Scottus

(fl. 9th century)

Irish scriptural scholar, teacher, grammarian and poet who made a career in Francia and became a leading intellectual figure at the court of Charles the Bald.

Collectaneum in Mattheum (Sedulius Scottus)

prose

Sedulius Scottus

Sedulius Scottus

(fl. 9th century)

Irish scriptural scholar, teacher, grammarian and poet who made a career in Francia and became a leading intellectual figure at the court of Charles the Bald.

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