Bibliography
Xavier Delamarre
s. xx–xxi
Delamarre
Works authored
Dictionary of ancient Celtic placenames
Cousin, Georges, Llinos Dafis, Ashwin E. Gohil, Xavier Delamarre, G. R. Isaac, and Patrick Sims-Williams, Additions to Alfred Holder’s Celtic thesaurus; together with an electronically searchable version of Holder’s headwords and indexes to Joshua Whatmough’s ‘The dialects of ancient Gaul’, Aberystwyth: CMCS Publications, 2006.
Additions to Alfred Holder’s Altceltischer Sprachschatz (1896–1913) by Georges Cousin, headwords by Llinos Dafis and Ashwin Gohil -- Indexes to Joshua Whatmough’s The dialects of ancient Gaul (1970) by Xavier Delamarre and G. R. Isaac -- Edited by Patrick Sims-Williams.
Additions to Alfred Holder’s Altceltischer Sprachschatz (1896–1913) by Georges Cousin, headwords by Llinos Dafis and Ashwin Gohil -- Indexes to Joshua Whatmough’s The dialects of ancient Gaul (1970) by Xavier Delamarre and G. R. Isaac -- Edited by Patrick Sims-Williams.
Contributions to journals
Delamarre, Xavier, “Cú Chulainn en Pannonie ? Calonius, Cucalus, Cucalonis”, Études Celtiques 43 (2017): 143–146.
abstract:
[FR] Il y a un nom de Gaulois au génitif Cucalonis attesté en Pannonie et près du lac de Côme. Il est proposé ici d’y voir l’univerbation d’époque latine d’un appellatif juxtaposé*Cū Calūnī «le Loup de Calunos» . Ce prototype correspondrait exactement à celui du héros irlandais Cú Chulainn, montrant la préservation sur le continent d’un ancien appellatif sans doute relié à des représentations mythiques ou à l’épopée.
[EN] Cú Chulainn in Pannonie ? Calonius, Cucalus, Cucalonis.There is a Gaulish name in the genitive Cucalonis, attested in Pannonia and in Transpadania. It is proposed to see in it the univerbation, of Roman date, of a name in the form of a syntagm *Cū Calūnī “The Wolf of Calunos”. This formation would match exactly the prototype of the name of the Irish hero Cú Chulainn, showing preservation on the Continent of an old appellative, probably linked to a mythical representations.
[EN] Cú Chulainn in Pannonie ? Calonius, Cucalus, Cucalonis.There is a Gaulish name in the genitive Cucalonis, attested in Pannonia and in Transpadania. It is proposed to see in it the univerbation, of Roman date, of a name in the form of a syntagm *Cū Calūnī “The Wolf of Calunos”. This formation would match exactly the prototype of the name of the Irish hero Cú Chulainn, showing preservation on the Continent of an old appellative, probably linked to a mythical representations.
Persée – Études Celtiques, vol. 43, 2017: <link>
abstract:
[FR] Il y a un nom de Gaulois au génitif Cucalonis attesté en Pannonie et près du lac de Côme. Il est proposé ici d’y voir l’univerbation d’époque latine d’un appellatif juxtaposé*Cū Calūnī «le Loup de Calunos» . Ce prototype correspondrait exactement à celui du héros irlandais Cú Chulainn, montrant la préservation sur le continent d’un ancien appellatif sans doute relié à des représentations mythiques ou à l’épopée.
[EN] Cú Chulainn in Pannonie ? Calonius, Cucalus, Cucalonis.There is a Gaulish name in the genitive Cucalonis, attested in Pannonia and in Transpadania. It is proposed to see in it the univerbation, of Roman date, of a name in the form of a syntagm *Cū Calūnī “The Wolf of Calunos”. This formation would match exactly the prototype of the name of the Irish hero Cú Chulainn, showing preservation on the Continent of an old appellative, probably linked to a mythical representations.
[EN] Cú Chulainn in Pannonie ? Calonius, Cucalus, Cucalonis.There is a Gaulish name in the genitive Cucalonis, attested in Pannonia and in Transpadania. It is proposed to see in it the univerbation, of Roman date, of a name in the form of a syntagm *Cū Calūnī “The Wolf of Calunos”. This formation would match exactly the prototype of the name of the Irish hero Cú Chulainn, showing preservation on the Continent of an old appellative, probably linked to a mythical representations.
Delamarre, Xavier, “Affranchis, chevaux sauvages, libérateurs et mercenaires : le mot gaulois pour «libre»”, Études Celtiques 41 (2015): 129–144.
abstract:
[FR] Le thème gaulois *rii̭o-, de *prii̭o-, représente l’adjectif signifiant «libre» en celtique et germanique, gallois rhydd, allemand frei, anglais free, etc., et «propre à soi» dans d’autres dialectes, ainsi sanskrit priyá-, lat. proprius. L’auteur propose de nombreux exemples de l’adjectif dans l’onomastique gauloise : Reus/Rius au simple, Rio-, Reu-, Ria- comme premier terme de composé, -reius, rius en second terme. De nombreux dérivés peuvent s’y rattacher, Rionus, Rialis, Riacus, *Rianos dans Rianorix.
S’y rattachent aussi l’anthroponyme Reuconius (Nîmes) et le toponyme Condrieu,
de *Conriacus, de *Cunoriāco-, deux exemples de l’association avec le nom du chien, cun(o)–, dans le sens de «libre loup» , ou «libre mercenaire».
[EN] Freedmen, wild horses, deliverers, mercenaries : the Gaulish word for «free».
The Gaulish stem *rii̭o-, from *prii̭o-, continues the adjective meaning «free» in Celtic and Germanic, Welsh rhydd, German frei, English free, etc., and meaning «personal, proper» in other languages, Sanskrit priyá-, Latrin proprius. The author provides numerous examples of this adjective in Gaulish onomastics : Reus/Rius as the uncompound, Rio-, Reu-, Ria- as the first element of a compound, -reius, -rius as the second element. Many derivatives can be connected to it, Rionus, Rialis, Riacus, *Rianos in Riano-rix. Related also are the personal name Reuconius (Nîmes) and the place name Condrieu, from *Conriacus, from *Cunoriāco-, both names exhibiting a composition with the name of the dog, *cun(o) –, with the meaning «free wolf» or «free mercenary» . Persée – Études Celtiques, vol. 41, 2015: <link>
abstract:
[FR] Le thème gaulois *rii̭o-, de *prii̭o-, représente l’adjectif signifiant «libre» en celtique et germanique, gallois rhydd, allemand frei, anglais free, etc., et «propre à soi» dans d’autres dialectes, ainsi sanskrit priyá-, lat. proprius. L’auteur propose de nombreux exemples de l’adjectif dans l’onomastique gauloise : Reus/Rius au simple, Rio-, Reu-, Ria- comme premier terme de composé, -reius, rius en second terme. De nombreux dérivés peuvent s’y rattacher, Rionus, Rialis, Riacus, *Rianos dans Rianorix.
S’y rattachent aussi l’anthroponyme Reuconius (Nîmes) et le toponyme Condrieu,
de *Conriacus, de *Cunoriāco-, deux exemples de l’association avec le nom du chien, cun(o)–, dans le sens de «libre loup» , ou «libre mercenaire».
[EN] Freedmen, wild horses, deliverers, mercenaries : the Gaulish word for «free».
The Gaulish stem *rii̭o-, from *prii̭o-, continues the adjective meaning «free» in Celtic and Germanic, Welsh rhydd, German frei, English free, etc., and meaning «personal, proper» in other languages, Sanskrit priyá-, Latrin proprius. The author provides numerous examples of this adjective in Gaulish onomastics : Reus/Rius as the uncompound, Rio-, Reu-, Ria- as the first element of a compound, -reius, -rius as the second element. Many derivatives can be connected to it, Rionus, Rialis, Riacus, *Rianos in Riano-rix. Related also are the personal name Reuconius (Nîmes) and the place name Condrieu, from *Conriacus, from *Cunoriāco-, both names exhibiting a composition with the name of the dog, *cun(o) –, with the meaning «free wolf» or «free mercenary» .Delamarre, Xavier, “Dea Sunuχsalis”, Studia Celtica Fennica 11 (2014): 5–7.
abstract:
There are dedicaces in the Bonn-Cologne region to a Goddess Sunuxsalis. It is proposed here a Celtic etymology of the theonym through a segmentation *Sūn(o)-uχs(o)-ali-, with Sūno- from *supno- or *swepno-. The meaning of the theonym would be ± 'She who fulfils (grants, exauces) high dreams'.
Studia Celtica Fennica: <link>
abstract:
There are dedicaces in the Bonn-Cologne region to a Goddess Sunuxsalis. It is proposed here a Celtic etymology of the theonym through a segmentation *Sūn(o)-uχs(o)-ali-, with Sūno- from *supno- or *swepno-. The meaning of the theonym would be ± 'She who fulfils (grants, exauces) high dreams'.
Delamarre, Xavier, “Notes d’onomastique gauloise”, Études Celtiques 40 (2014): 41–52.
abstract:
[FR] 1. La ville de Cenabum ainsi que les divinités Cenabionae et C(e)nabetius sont à analyser, avec quelques autres toponymes et hydronymes d’Europe, comme contenant une souche nab- à relier au thème indo-européen h 3 nob h - «nombril, centre, omphalos». 2. Les noms de personnes Angius, Andangius, Andangianus contiennent un thème *ango- «serpent», à relier au latin anguis, lituanien angìs, etc. 3. Analyse du nom de chef gaulois Catu-marandus, dont il faut relier le deuxième membre à un thème *Marando- de la toponymie. 4. Analyse des noms de personnes Vradsarius, Vraθarius, Vrassius, à relier au nom irlandais de la pluie frass.
[EN] Notes on Gaulish onomastics.1. The city of Cenabum, as well as the deities Cenabionae, C(e) nabetius and some other toponyms and hydronyms of Europe, contain the root nab-, possibly connected with PIE *h3nobh- “navel, center, omphalos”. 2. The Gaulish Personal Names Angius, Andangius, Andangianus continue a stem *ango- “snake”, possibly connected with Latin anguis, Lithuanian angìs, etc. 3. Analysis of the name of the Gaulish chief Catumarandus with a second member to be connected with a stem *Marando- occurring in place names. 4. Analysis of the Personal Names Vradsarius, Vraθarius, Vrassius that might be related to the Irish word for rain : frass.
[EN] Notes on Gaulish onomastics.1. The city of Cenabum, as well as the deities Cenabionae, C(e) nabetius and some other toponyms and hydronyms of Europe, contain the root nab-, possibly connected with PIE *h3nobh- “navel, center, omphalos”. 2. The Gaulish Personal Names Angius, Andangius, Andangianus continue a stem *ango- “snake”, possibly connected with Latin anguis, Lithuanian angìs, etc. 3. Analysis of the name of the Gaulish chief Catumarandus with a second member to be connected with a stem *Marando- occurring in place names. 4. Analysis of the Personal Names Vradsarius, Vraθarius, Vrassius that might be related to the Irish word for rain : frass.
Persée – Études Celtiques, vol. 40, 2014: <link>
abstract:
[FR] 1. La ville de Cenabum ainsi que les divinités Cenabionae et C(e)nabetius sont à analyser, avec quelques autres toponymes et hydronymes d’Europe, comme contenant une souche nab- à relier au thème indo-européen h 3 nob h - «nombril, centre, omphalos». 2. Les noms de personnes Angius, Andangius, Andangianus contiennent un thème *ango- «serpent», à relier au latin anguis, lituanien angìs, etc. 3. Analyse du nom de chef gaulois Catu-marandus, dont il faut relier le deuxième membre à un thème *Marando- de la toponymie. 4. Analyse des noms de personnes Vradsarius, Vraθarius, Vrassius, à relier au nom irlandais de la pluie frass.
[EN] Notes on Gaulish onomastics.1. The city of Cenabum, as well as the deities Cenabionae, C(e) nabetius and some other toponyms and hydronyms of Europe, contain the root nab-, possibly connected with PIE *h3nobh- “navel, center, omphalos”. 2. The Gaulish Personal Names Angius, Andangius, Andangianus continue a stem *ango- “snake”, possibly connected with Latin anguis, Lithuanian angìs, etc. 3. Analysis of the name of the Gaulish chief Catumarandus with a second member to be connected with a stem *Marando- occurring in place names. 4. Analysis of the Personal Names Vradsarius, Vraθarius, Vrassius that might be related to the Irish word for rain : frass.
[EN] Notes on Gaulish onomastics.1. The city of Cenabum, as well as the deities Cenabionae, C(e) nabetius and some other toponyms and hydronyms of Europe, contain the root nab-, possibly connected with PIE *h3nobh- “navel, center, omphalos”. 2. The Gaulish Personal Names Angius, Andangius, Andangianus continue a stem *ango- “snake”, possibly connected with Latin anguis, Lithuanian angìs, etc. 3. Analysis of the name of the Gaulish chief Catumarandus with a second member to be connected with a stem *Marando- occurring in place names. 4. Analysis of the Personal Names Vradsarius, Vraθarius, Vrassius that might be related to the Irish word for rain : frass.
Delamarre, Xavier, “Octocannae Matres et le thème aucto-, octo- (celtique *ougtu- > ōχtu-)”, Studia Celtica Fennica 6 (2009): 20–25.
Sfks.org – PDF: <link>
Delamarre, Xavier, “ἨΡΙΔΑΝΟΣ, Le « fleuve de l'ouest »”, Études Celtiques 36 (2008): 75–77.
abstract:
[FR] L’auteur propose d’identifier, en gaulois et celtique continental, un préfixe ēri parallèle à la préposition (/ préfixe/ préverbe) irlandaise íar-“ derrière, après” et (dans les adverbes de lieu) “ à l’ouest”. Il éclaire ainsi l’étymologie de plusieurs noms propres : ! Hridanov", fleuve cité par les anciens, serait un “ fleuve de l’ouest” (dāno, signifiant fleuve, comme dans Rodanos et Danuvius) ; Eregina, et Aerius seraient formés sur la même préposition, avec la valeur sémantique du gallois wyr “petit-fils”. Le théonyme Hēricura désignerait le “vent d’ouest”.
[EN] The author identifies a Gaulish and Continental Celtic prefix ēri-parallel to the Irish preposition (/ prefix/ preverb) íar-“ behind, after” and (in local adverbs) “ west, western”. This may clarify the etymology of some Proper Names : ! Hridanov", a stream mentioned by ancient writers, would then be a “ western stream” (dāno-“ stream”, as in Rodanos et Danuvius) ; Eregina, and Aerius would be formed on the same preposition, with the semantism of Welsh wyr “ grand son”. The theonym Hēricura would have been the “ west wind”.
[EN] The author identifies a Gaulish and Continental Celtic prefix ēri-parallel to the Irish preposition (/ prefix/ preverb) íar-“ behind, after” and (in local adverbs) “ west, western”. This may clarify the etymology of some Proper Names : ! Hridanov", a stream mentioned by ancient writers, would then be a “ western stream” (dāno-“ stream”, as in Rodanos et Danuvius) ; Eregina, and Aerius would be formed on the same preposition, with the semantism of Welsh wyr “ grand son”. The theonym Hēricura would have been the “ west wind”.
Persée – Études Celtiques, vol. 36, 2008: <link>
abstract:
[FR] L’auteur propose d’identifier, en gaulois et celtique continental, un préfixe ēri parallèle à la préposition (/ préfixe/ préverbe) irlandaise íar-“ derrière, après” et (dans les adverbes de lieu) “ à l’ouest”. Il éclaire ainsi l’étymologie de plusieurs noms propres : ! Hridanov", fleuve cité par les anciens, serait un “ fleuve de l’ouest” (dāno, signifiant fleuve, comme dans Rodanos et Danuvius) ; Eregina, et Aerius seraient formés sur la même préposition, avec la valeur sémantique du gallois wyr “petit-fils”. Le théonyme Hēricura désignerait le “vent d’ouest”.
[EN] The author identifies a Gaulish and Continental Celtic prefix ēri-parallel to the Irish preposition (/ prefix/ preverb) íar-“ behind, after” and (in local adverbs) “ west, western”. This may clarify the etymology of some Proper Names : ! Hridanov", a stream mentioned by ancient writers, would then be a “ western stream” (dāno-“ stream”, as in Rodanos et Danuvius) ; Eregina, and Aerius would be formed on the same preposition, with the semantism of Welsh wyr “ grand son”. The theonym Hēricura would have been the “ west wind”.
[EN] The author identifies a Gaulish and Continental Celtic prefix ēri-parallel to the Irish preposition (/ prefix/ preverb) íar-“ behind, after” and (in local adverbs) “ west, western”. This may clarify the etymology of some Proper Names : ! Hridanov", a stream mentioned by ancient writers, would then be a “ western stream” (dāno-“ stream”, as in Rodanos et Danuvius) ; Eregina, and Aerius would be formed on the same preposition, with the semantism of Welsh wyr “ grand son”. The theonym Hēricura would have been the “ west wind”.
Delamarre, Xavier, “Indo-Gallici Reges”, Études Celtiques 36 (2008): 79–84.
abstract:
[FR] Les correspondances de vocabulaire entre l’indo-iranien et l’italo-celtique, signalées d’abord par Vendryes, ont été augmentées à date récente, en particulier par les travaux de E. Campanile, et ceux de l’auteur. Il s’attache ici à démontrer que le gaulois connaît quelques composés en -rīx qui ont un parallèle exact en sanskrit : 1. Svarigillus, et Svarica correspondent à skr. sva-rāj-“ indépendant” ; – 2. Samorix = véd. sam-rāj-“ chef suprême” ; – 3. Anderex, en Aquitaine, = véd. adhi-rāja “ empereur” ; – 4. Magiorix = v. ind. māha-rājá-“ grand-roi” ; – 5. Rerigonion, Ptol., citadelle des Novantae, présente (après préfixe intensif ro-> re-) la même suffixation que skr. rājanya-“ royal”.
[EN] Lexical parallels between Indo-Iranian and Italo-Celtic, first heralded by Vendryes, have recently mutiplied, particularly through studies by E. Campanile, and by the author. Here he endeavours to list some Gaulish -rīx compounds which have close Indian parallels : 1. Svarigillus, and Svarica correspond to Skr. sva-rāj-“ independant” ; – 2. Samorix = Ved. sam-rāj-“ supreme chief” ; – 3. Anderex, in Aquitania, = Ved. adhi-rāja “ emperor” ; – 4. Magiorix = Old Ind. māha-rājá-“ great king” ; – 5. Rerigonion, Ptol., a forteress of Novantae, presents (together with an intensive prefix (p) ro-> re-) the same suffix as Skr. rājanya-“ royal”.
[EN] Lexical parallels between Indo-Iranian and Italo-Celtic, first heralded by Vendryes, have recently mutiplied, particularly through studies by E. Campanile, and by the author. Here he endeavours to list some Gaulish -rīx compounds which have close Indian parallels : 1. Svarigillus, and Svarica correspond to Skr. sva-rāj-“ independant” ; – 2. Samorix = Ved. sam-rāj-“ supreme chief” ; – 3. Anderex, in Aquitania, = Ved. adhi-rāja “ emperor” ; – 4. Magiorix = Old Ind. māha-rājá-“ great king” ; – 5. Rerigonion, Ptol., a forteress of Novantae, presents (together with an intensive prefix (p) ro-> re-) the same suffix as Skr. rājanya-“ royal”.
Persée – Études Celtiques, vol. 36, 2008: <link>
abstract:
[FR] Les correspondances de vocabulaire entre l’indo-iranien et l’italo-celtique, signalées d’abord par Vendryes, ont été augmentées à date récente, en particulier par les travaux de E. Campanile, et ceux de l’auteur. Il s’attache ici à démontrer que le gaulois connaît quelques composés en -rīx qui ont un parallèle exact en sanskrit : 1. Svarigillus, et Svarica correspondent à skr. sva-rāj-“ indépendant” ; – 2. Samorix = véd. sam-rāj-“ chef suprême” ; – 3. Anderex, en Aquitaine, = véd. adhi-rāja “ empereur” ; – 4. Magiorix = v. ind. māha-rājá-“ grand-roi” ; – 5. Rerigonion, Ptol., citadelle des Novantae, présente (après préfixe intensif ro-> re-) la même suffixation que skr. rājanya-“ royal”.
[EN] Lexical parallels between Indo-Iranian and Italo-Celtic, first heralded by Vendryes, have recently mutiplied, particularly through studies by E. Campanile, and by the author. Here he endeavours to list some Gaulish -rīx compounds which have close Indian parallels : 1. Svarigillus, and Svarica correspond to Skr. sva-rāj-“ independant” ; – 2. Samorix = Ved. sam-rāj-“ supreme chief” ; – 3. Anderex, in Aquitania, = Ved. adhi-rāja “ emperor” ; – 4. Magiorix = Old Ind. māha-rājá-“ great king” ; – 5. Rerigonion, Ptol., a forteress of Novantae, presents (together with an intensive prefix (p) ro-> re-) the same suffix as Skr. rājanya-“ royal”.
[EN] Lexical parallels between Indo-Iranian and Italo-Celtic, first heralded by Vendryes, have recently mutiplied, particularly through studies by E. Campanile, and by the author. Here he endeavours to list some Gaulish -rīx compounds which have close Indian parallels : 1. Svarigillus, and Svarica correspond to Skr. sva-rāj-“ independant” ; – 2. Samorix = Ved. sam-rāj-“ supreme chief” ; – 3. Anderex, in Aquitania, = Ved. adhi-rāja “ emperor” ; – 4. Magiorix = Old Ind. māha-rājá-“ great king” ; – 5. Rerigonion, Ptol., a forteress of Novantae, presents (together with an intensive prefix (p) ro-> re-) the same suffix as Skr. rājanya-“ royal”.
Delamarre, Xavier, “Prasutagus”, Studia Celtica Fennica 3 (2006): 5–9.
Sfks.org: <link>
Delamarre, Xavier, “Les noms du compagnon en gaulois”, Studia Celtica Fennica 2 — Essays in honour of Anders Ahlqvist (2005): 47–52.
SFKS – PDF: <link>
Contributions to edited collections or authored works
Delamarre, Xavier, “La structuration verticale de l’espace chez les Anciens Celtes et les déesses rhénanes Matronae Andrusteihae”, in: Andreas Hofeneder, and Patrizia de Bernardo Stempel (eds), Théonymie celtique, cultes, interpretatio = Keltische Theonymie, Kulte, interpretatio: X. workshop F.E.R.C.AN., Paris 24.–26.Mai 2010, 79, Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2013. 97–99. URL: <http://www.oapen.org/search?identifier=451552>.
Delamarre, Xavier, “Une récurrence de la toponymie vieille-celtique: les formations en nasale -(b3on-: faites sur un théonyme dy type Vesontiō (locus) <- Vesontis (deus)”, in: Juan Luis García Alonso (ed.), Continental Celtic word formation: the onomastic data, 197, Salamanca: Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, 2013. 175–180.
