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Source:Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum/3.01/On Cædwalla
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  1. Control desk
  2. Texts
  3. Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum
  4. Index
  5. Context: 3.01 On the accession of Osric and Eanfrith. On the accession of Osric and Eanfrith
  6. Item: On Cædwalla
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3.01 —
Book 3, chapter 1, ed. and tr. Bertram Colgrave • R. A. B. Mynors, Bede’s Ecclesiastical history of the English people (1969). On the accession of Osric, king of Deira, and Eanfrith, king of Bernicia, their deaths at the hands of Cædwalla, and the latter’s death in battle against Eanfrith's brother Oswald (later king of Northumbria)
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On Cædwalla ASCII-based serial numbers are used to sort items in consecutive order.
Item description
The sequence of events presented:
  • Osric and Eanfrith are both killed by the British king Cædwalla [Cadwallon].
    • In summer, Cædwalla, king of the Britons (rex Brettonum), besieges Osric in a fortified town (in oppido municipio [York?]), destroys his forces and kills him.
    • Cædwalla ravages the Northumbrian kingdoms [634 AD]; Eanfrith, accompanied by twelve chosen milites, seeks to make peace with Cædwalla, but Cædwalla kills Eanfrith [634 AD].
  • Oswald opposes Cædwalla with a small army; defeats and kills him in the battle at Denisesburn (explained as meaning ‘Brook (Riuua) of the Denise’) [634 AD].

On Cædwalla

# On Cædwalla Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum
The sequence of events presented:
  • Osric and Eanfrith are both killed by the British king Cædwalla [Cadwallon].
    • In summer, Cædwalla, king of the Britons (rex Brettonum), besieges Osric in a fortified town (in oppido municipio [York?]), destroys his forces and kills him.
    • Cædwalla ravages the Northumbrian kingdoms [634 AD]; Eanfrith, accompanied by twelve chosen milites, seeks to make peace with Cædwalla, but Cædwalla kills Eanfrith [634 AD].
  • Oswald opposes Cædwalla with a small army; defeats and kills him in the battle at Denisesburn (explained as meaning ‘Brook (Riuua) of the Denise’) [634 AD].
Cædwalla is traditionally identified as Cadwallon, king of Gwynedd. For a different view, see the discussion by Alex Woolf, ‘Caedualla rex Brettonum and the passing of the Old North’, Northern History 41 (2004), who argues that this identification is a later development and prefers to posit a king based in the Old North. But cf. T. M. Charles-Edwards, Wales and the Britons, 350–1064 (2013).
Keywords
besieging; defeating; killing; ravaging; peace-making; killing; battle;
Agents
Cadwallon ap Cadfan <strong>Cadwallon ap Cadfan</strong> <br>(d. <i>c</i>. 634) <br>king of Gwynedd, traditionally identified with Bede’s <i>Cædwalla</i> in <i>HE</i> 3.1
Osric ... king of Deira <strong>Osric ... king of Deira</strong> <br>(d. 634) <br>son of Ælfric (an uncle of King Eadwine), was king of Deira.
Eanfrith ... king of Bernicia <strong>Eanfrith ... king of Bernicia</strong> <br>(d. 634) <br>son of Æthelfrith (king of Bernicia) and Acha, was king of Bernicia
Oswald ... king of Northumbria <strong>Oswald ... king of Northumbria</strong> <br>(d. 642) <br>Son of Æthelfrith (king of Bernicia and later, Northumbria), was king of the Northumbrian kingdoms, Bernicia and Deira, following a period of exile among the Irish. He was killed in battle against an alliance between Penda, king of Mercia, and the Britons. Oswald later became the focus of a royal cult.
Places
Denisesburn


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