Picard, Jean-Michel, “Transmission and circulation of French texts in medieval Ireland: The other Simon de Montfort”, in: Paul Duffy, Tadhg OʼKeeffe, and Jean-Michel Picard (eds), From Carrickfergus to Carcassonne: the epic deeds of Hugh de Lacy during the Albigensian Crusade, Turnhout: Brepols, 2017. 129–150.
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Hugh de Lacy’s deeds in Languedoc as a companion of Simon de Montfort during the Albigensian Crusade are known to us less from charters or annals than from a literary text, the Canso de la Crusada. The literary genre of the historical poem, be it Geste, Roman or Chanson (Canso in Provençal) was an important device not only as a tool of propaganda but also for shaping the identity of social groups in twelfth and thirteenthcentury Europe. Members of the de Lacy family are celebrated in such texts over three generations in Ireland, England and France. In Ireland, the reading or declaiming of such pieces was part of a wider cultural context where French was not only used among the warrior elite and the monastic orders but also by influent town folks as a prestigious medium reflecting the status of their town. The circulation of French texts in medieval Ireland lasted and implies the existence of complex networks. An interesting example is the TCD manuscript which contains the Annals of Multifarnham Abbey and also includes a poem in French lamenting the death of Simon de Montfort the younger.
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