Bibliography
Merdrignac, Bernard, “Redon, le « border » et La Borderie”, Études Celtiques 36 (2008): 149–175.
- journal article
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Article
“Redon, le « border » et La Borderie”
Periodical
Études Celtiques 36 (2008)
Études Celtiques 36 (2008).
Persée – Études Celtiques, vol. 36, 2008: <link>
Volume
36
Pages
149–175
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Abstract (cited)
[FR] Dans son Histoire de la Bretagne, Arthur de La Borderie présentait la fondation de l’abbaye de Redon en 832 comme un acte politique de Nominoe : ce serait le centre d’une marche (le Vannetais gallo-franc), destiné à défendre la frontière bretonne. Cette interprétation paraît anachronique à plus d’un titre. Redon est situé sur une ligne de passage (au confluent de l’Oust et de la Vilaine), mais il est difficile de voir dans la Vilaine une véritable frontière à l’époque carolingienne. L’examen attentif des sources (le Cartulaire de Redon, les Gesta sanctorum Redonensium, la Vie de s. Conwoion, et des Annales de Redon) invite à réviser entièrement le jugement de La Borderie. Conwoion, premier abbé, était apparenté à l’évêque de Rennes Melaine, et parmi ses premiers compagnons, certains ont des attaches avec les familles franques : Wincalon est l’ami de Rorgon comte du Maine – auparavant comte du Pou-tro-coet, et Condeloc est l’ami de Guy, comte de Vannes. Si l’empereur Louis le Pieux a manifesté quelque réticence devant la fondation de Redon, c’est probablement parce que l’on avait disposé pour cela d’un bien du fisc. Mais la charte de fondation est confirmée en 834 par Nominoe, agissant en tant que missus, donc avec l’accord de l’empereur. Les évêques de Vannes manifestent plutôt une certaine hostilité à l’abbaye, tandis que ceux d’Alet (dits aussi du Pou-tro-coet) s’entendent bien avec les abbés de Redon au IXe s. On réexamine le rôle de Nominoe (qui devait résider à la frontière entre Cornouaille et Vannetais, dans la vallée du haut Ellé), et l’adoption de la règle bénédictine, dès la fondation de l’abbaye de Redon. Conwoion a bénéficié de la présence d’un moine de l’abbaye de Glanfeuil (à Saint-Maur-sur-Loire), nommé Gerfred, pour la mise en place de la règle de saint Benoît. On peut déceler d’autres relations avec la même abbaye, qui bénéficiait des faveurs des Rorgonides. Enfin, Gerfred ayant été ermite à proximité des possessions de l’abbaye de Landévennec, il se peut qu’il ait apporté la règle de s. Benoît à partir de cette abbaye, où Louis le Pieux l’avait imposée dès 818.
[EN] In his Histoire de la Bretagne, Arthur de La Borderie presents the foundation of Redon abbey in 832 as a political act of Nominoe : it was meant to become the centre of a marcher (the Gallo-frank Vannetais), bound to the defense of Breton border. This interpretation would now seem an anachronism for many reasons. Redon is situated on a communication line (at the confluent of Oust and Vilaine), but Vilaine river could hardly be considered as a real frontier in Carolingian times. A careful examination of the sources (Redon Cartulary, Gesta sanctorum Redonensium, St. Conwoion’s Life, and some Annals from Redon) would lead to completely revise La Borderie’s opinion. Conwoion, the first abbot, was connected with Rennes bishop Melaine, and among his first fellows, some are linked with powerful Frankish families : Wincalon is a friend of Rorgon count of Maine – formerly count of Pou-tro-coet, and Condeloc is a friend of Guy, count of Vannes. The emperor Louis le Pieux was not prone to accept Redon foundation, probably because a part of fisc domain had been used for that. The foundation charter however was confirmed in 834 by Nominoe, acting as missus, consequently with the emperor’s agreement. Vannes bishops kept a rather hostile position towards the abbey, but Alet bishops (also labelled Pou-tro-coet bishops) kept good relations with Redon abbots throughout the IXth c. This study revisits the rôle of Nominoe, (who had his dwelling at the border between Cornouaille and Vannetais, in the high valley of Ellé) and the adoption of the Benedictine rule, as soon as the abbey is founded. Conwoion benefited from the presence of a monk from Glanfeuil abbey (Saint-Maur-sur-Loire), named Gerfred, to help him to install S. Benedict’s rule. One can trace out other connections with the same abbey, which was richly endowed by the Rorgonides. Gerfred moreover had lived some time as a hermit in the neighbourhood of Landévennec abbey properties, so that he may have brought the Benedictine rule from that abbey, where Louis le Pieux had instaured it as soon as 818.
[EN] In his Histoire de la Bretagne, Arthur de La Borderie presents the foundation of Redon abbey in 832 as a political act of Nominoe : it was meant to become the centre of a marcher (the Gallo-frank Vannetais), bound to the defense of Breton border. This interpretation would now seem an anachronism for many reasons. Redon is situated on a communication line (at the confluent of Oust and Vilaine), but Vilaine river could hardly be considered as a real frontier in Carolingian times. A careful examination of the sources (Redon Cartulary, Gesta sanctorum Redonensium, St. Conwoion’s Life, and some Annals from Redon) would lead to completely revise La Borderie’s opinion. Conwoion, the first abbot, was connected with Rennes bishop Melaine, and among his first fellows, some are linked with powerful Frankish families : Wincalon is a friend of Rorgon count of Maine – formerly count of Pou-tro-coet, and Condeloc is a friend of Guy, count of Vannes. The emperor Louis le Pieux was not prone to accept Redon foundation, probably because a part of fisc domain had been used for that. The foundation charter however was confirmed in 834 by Nominoe, acting as missus, consequently with the emperor’s agreement. Vannes bishops kept a rather hostile position towards the abbey, but Alet bishops (also labelled Pou-tro-coet bishops) kept good relations with Redon abbots throughout the IXth c. This study revisits the rôle of Nominoe, (who had his dwelling at the border between Cornouaille and Vannetais, in the high valley of Ellé) and the adoption of the Benedictine rule, as soon as the abbey is founded. Conwoion benefited from the presence of a monk from Glanfeuil abbey (Saint-Maur-sur-Loire), named Gerfred, to help him to install S. Benedict’s rule. One can trace out other connections with the same abbey, which was richly endowed by the Rorgonides. Gerfred moreover had lived some time as a hermit in the neighbourhood of Landévennec abbey properties, so that he may have brought the Benedictine rule from that abbey, where Louis le Pieux had instaured it as soon as 818.
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Pierre Faure
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