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Marquand, Patrice, “Les Bretons à La Rochelle d’après le serment au roi de France de 1224”, Études Celtiques 40 (2014): 223–246.
- journal article
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Article
“Les Bretons à La Rochelle d’après le serment au roi de France de 1224”
Periodical
Études Celtiques 40 (2014)
Études Celtiques 40 (2014).
Persée – Études Celtiques, vol. 40, 2014: <link>
Volume
40
Pages
223–246
BibTeX
Description
Abstract (cited)
[FR] En 1224, lorsque la ville de La Rochelle passe du pouvoir Plantagenêt à celui du roi de France, le serment d’allégeance à Louis VIII, signé par au moins 1 360 habitants, fait connaître la composition de la population rochelaise au début du XIIIe siècle et l’étendue des relations commerciales de la ville portuaire. Parmi les étrangers à la cité, les Bretons forment le groupe ethnique le plus nombreux et représentent environ un tiers des allochtones originaires d’un lieu situé à plus de cent kilomètres de La Rochelle. L’analyse anthroponymique et un décompte par catégories permettent de préciser leur nombre et de déceler une immigration bretonne régulière, depuis sans doute la création de La Rochelle en 1137. L’étude d’autres témoignages replace cette immigration dans le contexte politique et économique des dernières décennies du XIIe siècle. Les «brefs» de mer, la rédaction primitive des «Rôles d’Oléron», certains récits de croisades et de pèlerinages décrivant les routes maritimes fréquentées par les pilotes bretons confirment les contacts entre La Rochelle et la Bretagne avant 1224.
[EN] Breton people in La Rochelle, according to the oath to King of France in 1224.In 1224, when the city of La Rochelle came into the possession of King of France, after being under the power of the Plantagenet, the oath of allegiance to Louis VIII, signed by at least 1360 people, tell us about the composition of the population of La Rochelle in the early XIIIth century and the extent of the trade relations of the port city. Among foreigners in the city, the Bretons are the most numerous ethnic group, representing about one third of non-native people originating from a place more than a hundred kilometers from La Rochelle. The anthroponymic analysis and breakdown by category allow us to specify their number and identify a regular Breton immigration, probably since the creation of La Rochelle in 1137. The study of further evidence places this immigration in the political and economic context of the last decades of the XIIth century. The sea’s “brief”, the original writing of “The Roles of Oleron”, some stories about crusades and pilgrimages describing the sea routes frequented by Breton pilots, confirm contacts between La Rochelle and Britanny before 1224.
[EN] Breton people in La Rochelle, according to the oath to King of France in 1224.In 1224, when the city of La Rochelle came into the possession of King of France, after being under the power of the Plantagenet, the oath of allegiance to Louis VIII, signed by at least 1360 people, tell us about the composition of the population of La Rochelle in the early XIIIth century and the extent of the trade relations of the port city. Among foreigners in the city, the Bretons are the most numerous ethnic group, representing about one third of non-native people originating from a place more than a hundred kilometers from La Rochelle. The anthroponymic analysis and breakdown by category allow us to specify their number and identify a regular Breton immigration, probably since the creation of La Rochelle in 1137. The study of further evidence places this immigration in the political and economic context of the last decades of the XIIth century. The sea’s “brief”, the original writing of “The Roles of Oleron”, some stories about crusades and pilgrimages describing the sea routes frequented by Breton pilots, confirm contacts between La Rochelle and Britanny before 1224.
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Contributors
Dennis Groenewegen, Pierre Faure
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April 2020
